Mergers and Acquisitions Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Mergers and Acquisitions - Essay Example Man has consistently attempted to overcome the unconquerable and do the fix capable this is a similar factor that drives the organizations into the pit of the obscure (Allan and Michael, 2010). In an offer to exceed and outfox the contenders and get the high ground of key favorable circumstances, organizations tear apart different organizations or now and again structure getting relationship. It is done either through merger and securing where one organization either eats up another or chooses to consolidate and frame another substance (Andrews and Smith, 2006). A noteworthy number of these mergers and acquisitions either goes easily whether the organizations rise triumphant and fruitful all the while, while in other case the arrangement neglects to traverse, and the organizations endure gigantic money related harms (Debbage, 2004). an) Increased globalization over the world has expanded the quantity of across outskirts mergers and acquisitions around the globe. The writers of the ar ticle named 'Questionable Logic of Global Mega-Mergers’, contend that more often than not the megamergers that occur, doesn't prove into a bonus customary, as was believed to be. The article speaks to how the uber organizations are as yet living under the shadows of the well established hypothesis of the business people (Benner and Sandstrom, 2012). A large portion of the forceful and solid organizations in and around the globe firmly accept that the predominance of one must be ensured, if the pervasiveness of the others can be debilitated. For instance the majority of the enormous organizations resort to consistent and endless number of mergers and acquisitions so as to remain huge and solid. The mergers and acquisitions have expanded exchange of information, move of assets, move of economy and even exchange of culture (Caoello and Gillesaie, 2003). This have assisted with overcoming any barrier between the countries, between the organizations and the between the different m odern segments too. So it very well may be contended that globalization has prompted convergence of organizations (Chiefele, 2012). As organizations participate in multitudinous instances of mergers and acquisitions the length and expansiveness of the business starts to get abbreviated. In this way gradually the business starts to therapist and along these lines there stays just predetermined number of players. These players happen to make major decisions. This contention is supported by different analysts. In spite of the fact that the creators Cravens (2010) express that actually there is no circumstances and logical results connection among globalization and mergers and acquisitions. Indeed globalisations after the World War II has lead to diminished focus in certain modern segments. Organizations take part in take part in merger and obtaining to exploit the economy of scale. Aside from that different focal points are move of specialized skill, sharing of scholarly assets and oth er key favorable circumstances (Xu, 2000). The creators are directly in their view that the historical backdrop of merger and acquisitions is thronw with various disappointments however close survey of the disappointments will show that the disappointments were somewhat because of the administration ineptitude (David, James and Arthur, 2011). Because of inadequacy, the administration of the securing organizations couldn't assess the specific financial worth and the resulting dangers. Notwithstanding the way that the historical backdrop of mergers and acquisitions are loaded with countless disappointments however there are different triumphs stories too. The accompanying table

A Place Where the Sea Remembers: Character Like Candelario Marroquin Essay

In A Place Where the Sea Remembers, the creator discusses a great deal of extraordinary characters. Candelario Marroquin is a man who has had an exceptionally hard life, however since he has been advanced it would appear that his existence with Chayo, his significant other, is turning upward. He is a major character in the book and is incredibly influenced by fate.In the opening of the book, when Candelario Marroquin is first presented in the story, he is painting the entryway of his home blue as a festival that he has quite recently gotten elevated to a plate of mixed greens producer. It is communicated that Cande is exceptionally partial to the shading blue and the entirety of its importance to him. Supposedly on, Cande lands terminated from the position after he makes an unappetizing serving of mixed greens, in spite of the fact that his chief, Don Gustavo, is the person who had made it.Candelario is influenced by numerous things that go on in the story. For example, he is by impl ication influenced by assault since his sister in law, Marta, gets assaulted. This additionally connects to fetus removal on the grounds that Marta needs to get a premature birth, however Cande offers to deal with the child once it is conceived. At the point when he discovers that Chayo additionally gets pregnant he chooses not to take Marta’s child since they can't deal with both, so then Marta is compelled to have the infant and deal with it all alone as a solitary parent. In addition, she gets edgy and puts a spell on their unborn infant. Later on in the story, his nephew Richard, Marta’s child, passes on in an awful tempest and escapes into the ocean. It tends to be viewed as karma that Marta’s child bites the dust. Candelario’s spouse Chayo is associated with these occasions too. It is destiny for them that they have an infant and in this way can't deal with Marta’s child, which cause her to do what she did and put a spell on their infant. It is additionally destiny for them that Cande landed terminated from his position as a plate of mixed greens creator. The majority of the occasions identified with Cande that I prior referenced are additionally destiny for Marta. Marta and Candeâ₠¬â„¢s activity are firmly related. It is likewise destiny that Marta goes to Rememdios to request that her put a spell on Cande to alter his perspective and take her child. Notwithstanding, Remedios wouldn't like to do that since she doesn't need Marta going to â€Å"El Norte†, she figures it will destroy her. Remedios is by implication influenced by assault in this sense. Remedios is somebody who is in a roundabout way influenced by everything through different characters. Individuals go to her when their family amazing, is the person who realizes how to wrap them up and cover them. She is influenced by destiny since she is the â€Å"curandera†, the healer, which carries all the individuals from Santiago to her, and it is destiny that carries her to the ocean. Cesar Burgos isn't influenced by assault or fetus removal however he I very influenced by single parenthood and demise. Cesar had a spouse and three youthful children, however one day his significant other and two of his children went out traveling and they passed on in an auto collision. He at that point must be a solitary parent and bring up his residual child, Beto. Destiny influences him through these two significant occasions. It is destiny that his better half and two children kicked the bucket, which makes his child change and cause him to feel blameworthy for their demise. Wear Justo is additionally not influenced by assault or fetus removal, however he is influenced by single parenthood and demise. He had a spouse who kicked the bucket, and had five kids one after another and just two endure. Wear Justo is compelled to deal with his two outstanding girls, he additionally winds up remarrying As the story proceeds, he gets a wire that his most established little girl Justina kicked the bucket. This makes him become inebriated and he at that point reluctantly murders his own winged animal. A period after, his pooch likewise bites the dust of mature age. The entirety of this is identified with destiny, it is destiny that his life is looking down in light of having such a great amount of death in his life, however at long last he picks his life back up and lives on. Rafael Beltran is just influenced by assault and single parenthood. Rafael doesn't have a dad figure and he lives with his mom since she is debilitated. He meets Esperanza through his mom since she has is her attendant. Rafael is by implication influenced by assault in light of the fact that Esperanza was assaulted when she was 17. Rafael winds up beginning to look all starry eyed at Esperanza and they get hitched. His mom likewise brings Ines into his life since she is her house keeper, he shows her how to compose, with that he can develop and relinquish just being centered around his activity and his mom. It is destiny that he lives with his wiped out mother, which brings Esperanza and Ines into his life. Esperanza is just influenced by assault and destiny. It is destiny that she was assaulted when she was 17 since this makes her leave her sweetheart at that point and go into a downturn. She additionally takes nursing classes which lead her to turn into a medical caretaker. This lets her and Rafael begin to look all starry eyed at and be together.

How to Proofread an Essay Tips, Examples, Mistakes

How to Proofread an Essay Tips, Examples, Mistakes A Perfect Essay: Proofread It Now Proofreading is the last stage of preparing your essay. Here you check the text for grammar mistakes, misspelling, lack of any words and other similar things. Don’t think it’s too easy that you can do it in a few seconds. The human mind works the way that it doesn’t notice if there are letters missing in the word when looking through the text. Or it can draw a complete picture in your mind even if some details are missing in the text. How to proofread an argument essay? Many students don’t care about the proofreading and let the software do the job. However, they get negative reviews of their essays. It’s clear that you feel tired and a bit exhausted after writing the essay, but proofreading essay is something that you cannot refuse doing. Your teacher won’t appreciate your hard work if there are no commas or no articles where needed. How to proofread and edit my essay? It takes time. And it can take a lot of your time. So be ready for it. Proofreading is something more than viewing the text with your eyes, we’ll give you some tips to make the process faster rand less painful. So how to proofread an essay? Keep a Proofreader’s log It’s impossible to notice every single mistake in a big text. So you should try to learn what kind of mistakes you make more often and you will take care of them first in the new essay. Write down all your grammar and spelling mistakes on a separate sheet of paper and calculate the repeating ones. Now think how you can correct them and avoid repeating them in the future. Read aloud When you’re reading aloud, your ears turn into the error locators. The tempo of your reading becomes slower so you can notice the mistakes you haven’t caught with your eyes. You can ask your friend to read the essay and listen to how it’s being read. If your friend can’t read it fluently, there might be a problem with the sentences structure or some words are missing. Use a spellchecker Use it to proofread your essay online for free or for money. It’s up to you. Or you can use the software that you will install onto your computer. Don’t worry, no one ever uses the texts that you give them for checking. It’s not saved until you want it. However, keep in mind that the word can be written correctly from the point of view of the spell checker, but it has a wrong letter. Print it If it’s too difficult for you to proofread my college essay in front of your screen, you can print it. You can use a pen, a pencil, a highlighter or anything else that you want. You can try each mean to see what fits you most of all. And you don’t have to sit by the table to look for mistakes. Your body should be relaxed and in a comfortable position. Typical mistakes that students make Now you know how to check the text for errors. But what are the most popular kinds of mistakes that most students make in their essays? Let’s take a close look at college essay proofreading. No thesis. It means you haven’t presented the topic of the essay and your attitude towards it. Put a thesis in the last sentence of the first paragraph. No evidence. It means there’s nothing that could prove your opinion. You have to prove your ideas with the quotes from books, magazines or newspapers. No conclusion. It means that you’ve only stated some thoughts and some evidence and you haven’t summarized everything. Add a little paragraph at the end of the essay where you should sum up all your ideas. No structure. It means there are no separate introduction, body and conclusion. You shouldn’t make too big paragraphs as they are hard to read. Break the text into logical units to make it look better. No transitions. It means that paragraphs have nothing in common. You should end each paragraph with the beginning of the next one and you should begin a new paragraph with the ending of the previous one. No proper punctuation. Commas separate two clauses in one sentence. You can use it for listing items. And so on. Be careful with each sentence. The longer it is the more punctuation marks will be needed. Submit your essay for proofreading If you lack time or efforts, don’t kill your nerves and give your essay to an expert for proofreading. You will get this job done very quickly. Proofreading is not the same as writing and you cannot always notice that you’ve made a mistake. Let an experienced proofreader (yes, there’s such a job besides writers) look through your work, criticize it if needed and correct all the mistakes. If you wish, your mistakes can be commented so you won’t repeat them in the future. So relax and have some rest, you deserve it after writing the essay.

Biography and Profile of Susan Rice

Susan Elizabeth Rice (b. 1964) was nominated as U.S. Ambassador to the United Nations by then-President-elect Barack Obama on December 1, 2008 Born: November 17, 1964, in Washington, DCEducation: Graduated from National Cathedral School in Washington, DC in 1982Undergraduate: Stanford University, B.A. in History, 1986.Graduate: Rhodes Scholar, New College, Oxford University, M.Phil., 1988, Oxford University, D.Phil. (Ph.D.) in International Relations, 1990 Family Background and Influences Susan was born to Emmett J. Rice, Senior VP at the National Bank of Washington and Lois Dickson Rice, Senior VP for Government Affairs at Control Data Corporation. A Fulbright Scholar who served with the Tuskegee Airmen in WWII, Emmett integrated the Berkeley Fire Department as its first black fireman while earning a Ph.D. at the University of California. He taught economics at Cornell as the only black assistant professor and was a governor of the Federal Reserve from 1979 to 1986. A Radcliffe graduate, Lois was a former VP of the College Board and chaired an advisory council of the National Science Foundation. High School and College Years At the elite private girls school that Rice attended, she was nicknamed Spo (short for Sportin). She played three sports and was the student council president and class valedictorian. At home, the family entertained distinguished friends such as Madeleine Albright, who would later become the first female Secretary of State. At Stanford, Rice studied hard and made her mark via political activism. To protest apartheid, she established a fund for alumni gifts but with a catch: the funds could only be accessed if the university divested from companies conducting business with South Africa, or if apartheid was abolished. Professional Career Senior foreign policy adviser to Senator Obama, 2005-08Senior Fellow in Foreign Policy, Global Economy Development, Brookings Institution, 2002-presentA senior adviser for National Security Affairs, Kerry-Edwards campaign, 2004Managing Director Principal of Intellibridge International, 2001-02Management consultant, McKinsey Company, 1991-93 Clinton Administration Assistant Secretary of State for African Affairs, 1997-2001Special Assistant to the President Senior Director for African Affairs, National Security Council (NSC), 1995-97Director for International Organizations Peacekeeping, NSC, 1993-95 Political Career While working on the presidential campaign of Michael Dukakis, an aide encouraged Rice to consider the National Security Council as a future career path. She began her stint with the NSC in peacekeeping and was soon promoted to senior director for African affairs. When she was named Assistant Secretary of State for Africa by President Bill Clinton at age 32, she became one of the youngest-ever to hold that position. Her responsibilities included overseeing the actions of more than 40 nations and 5,000 foreign service officials. Her appointment was regarded with skepticism by some U.S. bureaucrats who cited her youth and inexperience. In Africa, concerns over cultural differences and her ability to deal effectively with traditional African male heads of state were raised. Yet Rices skill as a charming but firm negotiator and her unflagging determination have aided her in difficult situations. Even critics acknowledge her strengths. One prominent Africa scholar has called her dynamic, a quick study, and good on her feet. If confirmed as U.S. ambassador, Susan Rice will be the second-youngest ambassador to the UN. Honors and Awards Co-recipient of the White House’s 2000 Samuel Nelson Drew Memorial Award for distinguished contributions to the formation of peaceful, cooperative relationships between states.Awarded the Chatham House-British International Studies Association Prize for the most distinguished doctoral dissertation in the UK in the field of International Relations. Ian Cameron and Susan Rice Susan Rice married Ian Cameron on September 12, 1992, in Washington, D.C. The two met while at Stanford. Cameron is an executive producer of ABC Newss This Week with George Stephanopoulos. The couple have two young children. Sources Alumni. Black Community Services Center, Stanford University, Stanford, California. Berman, Russell. Meet Obamas Tenacious, Take Charge Dr. Rice. The New York Sun, January 28, 2008. Brant, Martha. Into Africa. Stanford Magazine, January/February 2000. Emmett J. Rice, Education of an Economist: From Fulbright Scholar to the Federal Reserve Board, 1951-1979. The Bancroft Library, Jean Sullivan Dobrzensky, Gabrielle Morris, University of California Black Alumni Series, The Regents of The University of California, 1984. Susan E. Rice. The Brookings Institution, 2019. WEDDINGS; Susan E. Rice, Ian Cameron. The New York Times, September 13, 1992.

Should Marijuana Be Legalized - 972 Words

Marijuana Legalization For thousands of years, marijuana has been used for a myriad of purposes ranging from medical use to recreational use. Although small steps are being for marijuana legalization across the country, there is still a long way to go. Some folks argue that marijuana is a gateway drug and impairs judgement, causing people to act recklessly. However, extensive studies have been conducted on the effects, risks, and benefits of marijuana, and have proven marijuana to be safer than alcohol and most prescription, over-the-counter, and illicit drugs. Despite the extensive research and evidence backing up marijuana s mere harmlessness, it is still a hot button topic in America. Marijuana should be legal for both medical and recreational purposes throughout every state in the US. Legalizing marijuana will boost our economy, provide treatment for the sick, as well as a safer recreational drug than alcohol. Only authorized in 23 states thus far, medical marijuana can be used to treat an astounding number of medical issues without the nasty ingredients and intimidating side effects listed on many prescription pill bottles. Marijuana provides users with relief from various pains such as nausea and joint pain. Not only can marijuana relieve pain when being used in cancer treatment, but it s also known to slow or even halt the growth of tumor cells as well as the potential spreading of cancer. Epilepsy is another medical condition that marijuana has beenShow MoreRelatedShould Marijuana Be Legalized?849 Words   |  4 Pageswhether marijuana should be legalized. Around 23 states have legalized marijuana for medical and recreational use. In the state of Illinois, medicinal use of marijuana has been passed on April 17, 2013. Since January 2014, patients are able to obtain marijuana with a doctor s recommendation. The new debate is whether marijuana should be legalized for the general public as a recreational drug. Although some believe that marijuana is harmless, and that it has beneficial medicinal uses, marijuana shouldRead MoreShould Marijuana Be Legalized?1715 Words   |  7 PagesMarijuana in Society Cannabis, formally known as marijuana is a drug obtained from the tops, stems and leaves of the hemp plant cannabis. The drug is one of the most commonly used drugs in the world. Only substances like caffeine, nicotine and alcohol are used more (â€Å"Marijuana† 1). In the U. S. where some use it to feel â€Å"high† or get an escape from reality. The drug is referred to in many ways; weed, grass, pot, and or reefer are some common names used to describe the drug (â€Å"Marijuana† 1). Like mostRead MoreShould Marijuana Be Legalized?1489 Words   |  6 Pagescannabis plant or marijuana is intended for use of a psychoactive drug or medicine. It is used for recreational or medical uses. In some religions, marijuana is predominantly used for spiritual purposes. Cannabis is indigenous to central and south Asia. Cannabis has been scientifically proven that you can not die from smoking marijuana. Marijuana should be legalized to help people with medical benefits, econo mic benefits, and criminal benefits. In eight states, marijuana was legalized for recreationalRead MoreShould Marijuana Be Legalized?1245 Words   |  5 PagesMarijuana is a highly debatable topic that is rapidly gaining attention in society today.   Legalizing marijuana can benefit the economy of this nation through the creation of jobs, increased tax revenue, and a decrease in taxpayer money spent on law enforcement.   Ã‚  Many people would outlaw alcohol, cigarettes, fast food, gambling, and tanning beds because of the harmful effects they have on members of a society, but this is the United States of America; the land of the free and we should give peopleRead MoreShould Marijuana Be Legalized?1010 Words   |  5 PagesThe legalization of marijuana became a heated political subject in the last few years. Twenty-one states in America have legalized medical marijuana. Colorado and Washington are the only states where marijuana can be purchased recreationally. Marijuana is the high THC level part of the cannabis plant, which gives users the â€Å"high† feeling. There is ample evidence that supports the argument that marijuana is beneficial. The government should legalize marijuana recreationally for three main reasonsRead MoreShould Marijuana Be Legalized?1231 Words   |  5 Pagesshows the positive benefits of marijuana, it remains illegal under federal law. In recent years, numerous states have defied federal law and legalized marijuana for both recreational and medicinal use. Arizona has legalized marijuana for medical use, but it still remains illegal to use recreationally. This is absurd, as the evidence gathered over the last few decades strongly supports the notion that it is safer than alcohol, a widely available substance. Marijuana being listed as a Schedule I drugRead MoreShould Marijuana Be Legalized?1350 Words   |  6 Pagespolitics in the past decade would have to be the legalization of marijuana. The sale and production of marijuana have been legalized for medicinal uses in over twenty states and has been legalized for recreational uses in seven states. Despite the ongoing support for marijuana, it has yet to be fully legalized in the federal level due to cultural bias against â€Å"pot† smoking and the focus over its negative effects. However, legalizing marijuana has been proven to decrease the rate of incrimination in AmericaRead MoreShould Marijuana Be Legalized? Essay1457 Words   |  6 PagesSHOULD MARIJUANA BE LEGALIZED? Marijuana is a drug that has sparked much controversy over the past decade as to whether or not it should be legalized. People once thought of marijuana as a bad, mind-altering drug which changes a person’s personality which can lead to crime and violence through selling and buying it. In the past, the majority of citizens believed that marijuana is a harmful drug that should be kept off the market and out of the hands of the public. However, a recent study conductedRead MoreShould Marijuana Be Legalized?1145 Words   |  5 PagesLegalizing Marijuana Marijuana is a drug that has been actively used for centuries. This drug can be traced back to 2737 BC by the Chinese emperor Shen Nung. He spoke about the euphoric effects of Cannabis and even referred to it as the â€Å"Liberator of Sin.† Since early on, marijuana was seen as a medicinal plant that was recommended for medical uses. Marijuana is currently in schedule I, which means that physicians are not allowed to prescribe it in the United States (Hart, Ksir 2013). This drugRead MoreShould Marijuana Be Legalized?1596 Words   |  7 Pages But what needs to be known before a user can safely and completely make the decision if trying Marijuana is a good idea? Many do not want the drug to be legalized because they claim that Cannabis is a â€Å"gateway drug†, meaning it will cause people to try harder drugs once their body builds up a resistance to Marijuana, because a stronger drug will be needed to reach a high state. This argument is often falsely related to the m edical side of the debate over legalization. It is claimed that this would

Case 275 Free Essays

Solomon Garber BPL 5100 – Prof. LaManna – Individual Case Study Case# 275 Interboro, once a small manufacturer of scalpels and other surgical equipment, became the world’s best-known maker of prosthetic limbs and surgical implants under the leadership of Jack Dodson. The structure of the company, under Dodson, was very unique. We will write a custom essay sample on Case 275 or any similar topic only for you Order Now As CEO, Dodson would routinely conceive new product ideas, go directly to his RD department and see the product through from inception to completion. In the following case study analyses, I will analyze what went wrong with Interboro, as well as advise Ms. Francesca Fortas on the appropriate direction to take the company as she takes over from Mr. Dodson. Interboro’s weaknesses under Dodson’s leadership were very apparent. For starters, Jack would completely bypass his senior team on new product initiatives and how those products would fit into the broader strategy of the company. From this, we can infer that the company had a very passionate CEO who prided himself on product innovations, while simultaneously neglected other crucial areas necessary for continued success. Marketing was perhaps the company’s biggest incompetency. Soon thereafter, the company lost its innovating edge, one of its major initial strengths. Interboro’s external environment started to become a serious threat. Competitors were developing products that went beyond Interboro’s patents and designs. The competition within the industry was growing and their products outperformed the incumbents’. Based on my analysis of the companies strengths, weaknesses and external environment, I can confidently say that the company was in dire need of a savior and could no longer operate the way it was. I have illustrated the situation below: There is a very unique correlation between the company’s strengths, weaknesses and external environment. The lack of communication between Jack and his team, a weakness, directly leads to the company falling behind the competition, its external environment. The company’s corporate level strategy is in shambles. When the CEO secludes himself from the rest of his team and only focuses on one aspect of business level strategy, product innovation, the company will not operate at full capacity. Interboro’s business level strategy can be summed up in the following quote by its head of production, Frank Tambor: â€Å"he didn’t have much faith that anyone in the company could come up with ideas, so he didn’t really develop the capability. † When analyzing this quote, we can conclude that their was close to zero employee participation in Interboro’s day to day operations. My biggest recommendation to Francesca Fortas, the new CEO set to take over the reigns from a deceased Jack Dodson, is to recreate the Jack Dodson model of strong eadership. Francesca must adopt a hybrid model, one that uses Jack’s confidence as CEO, and his efficiency to bring new products to market, while also getting employees involved and actually implementing employee suggestions. According to Ernesto Poza, a leading business consultant, making the employees involvement is a hallmark of good business. Making a larger percentage of manager’s compensation bas ed on sales and profits is the first strategy that should be adopted. It is easy to institute and drives immediate action and results. Francesca is not suitable to oversee an entire reorganization of the company, rather, by utilizing her technological skills and business savvy, and adopting this hybrid model of strong leadership by employee involvement, she will likely champion Interboro into a new era of profitability. It is possible to adopt this hybrid model; it has been done before, most notably by Jack Welch, former CEO of GE. Mr. Welch was going to quit his first engineering position at General Electric because he was dissatisfied with the bureaucratic ways in which the company operated. He was persuaded to stay and eventually was promoted to VP. He used his new position to simplify the management structure while at the same time vouching to be #1 or #2 in the industries GE participated in. This is precisely what Francesca must accomplish. Simplify the management structure, as opposed to an entire reorganization, while being as aggressive as Mr. Dodson was at getting products to market. The bottom line is that more people need to be involved in the entire operation, from product brainstorming and design to manufacturing and market. How to cite Case 275, Papers

The Effect of Fast Food in Our Health Essay Example

The Effect of Fast Food in Our Health Paper Have you ever asked yourself why are there so many fat people out there? No? Yes? This writer has, and this writer would like to know what the reasons are. It is hard to know all the reasons, but most of them are obvious. We are what we eat. This is one of the simplest reasons, and this writer believes it is right. Most of obese people have bad nutrition habits such as high fat level food intake. According to the United States government, the number of overweight Americans is higher than ever before. A 1991 study found that one-third of U.S. adults are obese. One of the reasons for this percentage is the frequent consumption of fast food. The American fast food is not healthy and most of it leads to obesity and might cause cardiovascular problems. It also contributes to polluting the environment. Another reason is that millions of cows, chickens, and pigs are killed every year to satisfy hungry people. Fast food is not good for our health and for our environment. We will write a custom essay sample on The Effect of Fast Food in Our Health specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on The Effect of Fast Food in Our Health specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on The Effect of Fast Food in Our Health specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer Most of American fast food is unhealthy, high in calories, fat, sodium, and cholesterol, but generally low in the nutrients a growing body needs. Do you know how many grams of fat a burger contains? No, right? The reason is because fast food is not often labeled with nutrition facts, but people do not care about it, they just want something fast to eat. The problems begin when the intake of fast food is frequent or almost every day. It is really easy, cheap, and of course fast going to any fast food restaurant or drive through and buy a burger and fried chips, but is it good for your health? The response is No. This does not mean fast food is bad. But it does mean you should fit fast food into a balanced healthy diet. Research shows that eating too much high-fat foods contributes to high blood cholesterol levels. This can cause hardening of the arteries, coronary disease and stroke. High-fat diets may also contribute to a greater risk for some types of cancer, particularly cancers of the breast and colon.(Fast food facts-internet) Eating disorders associated with a sedentary lifestyle contributes to obesity, and obesity is expensive. As an example most of the diseases above-mentioned are directly related to obesity. Realize that it is still possible to eat fast food occasionally and follow sensible diet. Fast food also contributes polluting the environment. Just think that for a second how much garbage do fast food restaurants throw away every day. It is a lot. And where it comes from? This is an easy question. It comes from every wrapped burger, straw, or chips and drinks containers. Just imagine thousands of burgers, hot dogs, sandwiches and so on are sold every day in United States, so a lot of garbage is collected every day, but just a small part of it is recycled. Another reason of why fast food pollutes the environment is beef. In the United States beef is king. The Western World has a love affair with beef. But how many people are aware that the real costs of the cattle culture are animal suffering, global hunger and poverty, and environmental devastation. More than 6.7 billion-hamburgers were sold last year at fast food restaurants. Beef has been central to the American experience. The relationship between beef and the environment pollution is that cattle raising is a primary factor in the destruction of the worlds remaining tropical rain forests. They graze on nearly 24 percent of landmass of the planet and consume enough grain to feed hundreds of millions of people. The burning of tropical forests to clear land for pasture releases millions of tons of carbon dioxide into the atmosphere each year. There are currently 1.28 billion cattle populating the Earth. Cattle are also a major cause of global warming.(Rifkin) They emit methane, a potent global warming gas, blocking heat from escaping the Earths atmosphere. One more reason is our dependence on animals for food and the profoundly inhumane and unhealthy conditions under they are currently raised. Beef, pork, turkey, and chicken meat are the main ingredient in fast food menus, but just a few people know how these animals are treated before they are killed and be part of our meal. Mass-produced chickens (around 99% of the market) spend their lives in huge windowless sheds. Many dead and dying birds go unnoticed to discompose in the litter on the shed floor. Most poultry are killed by electric stunning plus neck cutting. They are just animals people think, but the reality is that those animals also feel as human beings. The owners of fast food restaurants say it has positive side also. It is really convenient predictable and fast because out there you can find a fast food restaurant anywhere and it is cheap. Fast food has become a part of the busy American lifestyle. People who work full time and have no time to go home and cook, or students living at the dormitories who do not have the facilities for cooking are just examples of why people eat fast food. There are more than 300,000 fast food restaurants in the U.S. (Fast food facts-internet) and is an important source of employment. But anyway fast food is not the best election for a lunch meal. Healthier choices can be made to help make a healthier body such as eating in vegetarian restaurants or regular restaurants stead of eating fast food every day. This writer conclusion is that even with some positives aspect fast food should be avoided to conserve better our environment and our health. It is your choice to continue eating fast food or not. Works-Cited Rifkin, Jeremy. Beyond Beef: The Rise and Fall of the Cattle Culture. Mammersmit, London: Thorsons, 1994. B. Elizabeth. How much fat is in Fast Food? Netscape. Internet. 7 Oct. 1998. Available:

How Many SAT Subject Tests Should I Take

How Many SAT Subject Tests Should I Take SAT / ACT Prep Online Guides and Tips Decisions, decisions! Not only do you have to make up your mind about which Subject Tests to take, you also have to decide how many Subject Tests to take. In this guide we'll look at the most important considerations when signing up for Subject Tests so you can be confident about your choice. How Many SAT Subject Tests Should You Take? This isn't as simple a question to answer as you may think; there are actually multiple factors to take into consideration. To make it easy for you, we'll go over all the key questions you should ask yourself. #1: What Do the Colleges You're Applying to Require? The most important factor in answering this question is the requirement of your colleges.Schools require zero, one, two, or three Subject Tests. The most selective schools usually require two Subject Tests. Georgetown is one exception that comes to mind - they want to see three. Click here to learn more about SAT Subject Test Scores for the Ivy League and other selective schools. If a college asks for two, you probably shouldn't send along more than two. If you do take more than is required, the college should look at your highest scores. It will also consider your highest score if you sit for the same test more than once, but it might appear less strong to admissions officers if they see you took several tries to achieve a certain score. Besides its required number of Subject Tests, you also need to know if the colleges you're applying to have any specific requirements or expectations for which ones you take. Subject Tests requirements might differ by academic program. An engineering program, for example, probably wants to see math and science. Technical schools like MIT and CalTech require one math and one science Subject Test to apply. Check out our comprehensive list of all the colleges that require, recommend, or consider the SAT Subject Tests here. Remember, when a college "recommends," but does not require the tests, it's still a good idea to take them! It shows that you're putting forth extra effort and challenging yourself, along with demonstrating your academic strengths. Plus many colleges appreciate Subject Tests as a somewhat objective measure of your learning. While high school classes and grading systems vary across the country, the SAT and SAT Subject Tests are a nationally accepted standard meant to test students' academic knowledge on a level playing field. Once you're confident about the requirements of your colleges, you can reflect on your strengths and interests. #2: Which Subjects Do You Know Well? Are you intrigued by the process through which plants turn sunlight into food? Do you love learning about population flows within an ecosystem? Are word problems fun head-scratchers, or would you rather be reading Jane Austen and Mark Twain? By the way, if you answered "yes" to any of the above, my Subject Test recommendations would be Biological Molecular, Biology Ecological, Math, and Literature, respectively! Reflect on what you know, what you like, and in what subject areas you can perform well. Subject Tests are your opportunity to show that you've studied and gained significant knowledge in a particular area. Choose wisely so that you not only get a high score to add to your application, but you also add another dimension to the story of who you are and what you like. For more on this, check out our expert guide: Which Subject Tests Should You Take? If you feel you excel in several subjects, you may want to take three tests in one day (the maximum, unless there are Listening tests involved). Then, time permitting, you can choose your highest scores and send them along to your colleges. However, you don't want to give yourself unnecessary stress or waste time studying for a test you don't need. When Harvard says they want two tests, they want two - not four! To learn what makes a good score for each Subject Test, check out the full breakdown here. Another important consideration in choosing and preparing for the Subject Tests is how much time you can realistically devote to studying. No need to over-commit! #3: How Much Time Do You Have to Prep? As I mentioned above, there's no need to over-commit yourself and exceed requirements. Admissions officers are busy looking at thousands of applications. They want to see the number they require or recommend: no more, no less. Since you can take up to three in one day, you may feel that taking three will benefit you. If that's the case, make sure you have a thoughtful study plan in place. You wouldn't want your prep time to take away from studying for the general SAT, AP exams, or finals. At the same time, sometimes Subject Test and AP prep so closely align that you can kill two birds with one stone. Speaking of all these other tests you have to take, when should you fit in the Subject Tests, anyway? Click here for tips and strategies for choosing your SAT Subject Test dates for 2015 and 2016 and planning an effective study schedule. To Sum Up... Just how many SAT Subject Tests do you need to take? Most selective schools require two Subject Tests, but check with your school of interest to make sure and find out about any special instructions. Some schools have specific tests in mind, others want to see a range of subjects, and others differ depending on the program to which you're applying. While you may feel like no Subject Test requirement means you're off the hook, your school might still recommend them. For all intents and purposes, let's just interpret "recommends" as "requires." Unless you have a really good reason or the tests present a financial barrier*, you should still abide by your school's "recommendation" and send along your scores. *If finances make it difficult for you to take the tests, speak with admissions officers and investigate whether you qualify for an SAT fee waiver. What's Next? All the Subjects Tests are one hour in length, but the number and type of questions you have to answer in that hour vary by test. For a breakdown of exactly "how long" each test really is, check out this article here. For more on the differences between the tests,find answers to all your questions about "What are the SAT Subject Tests?" here. Do you know yet if you're taking the SAT or the ACT? This article offers a full technical breakdown of the differences between the two tests so you can figure out which one is best for you and your college applications. Need a little extra help prepping for your Subject Tests? We have the industry's leading SAT Subject Test prep programs (for all non-language Subject Tests). Built by Harvard grads and SAT Subject Test full or 99th %ile scorers, the program learns your strengths and weaknesses through advanced statistics, then customizes your prep program to you so that you get the most effective prep possible. Learn more about our Subject Test products below:

How to Grow as a Content Marketer With John Rampton of Calendar

How to Grow as a Content Marketer With John Rampton of Calendar Have you heard the term, â€Å"growth-hacking†? It can be a bit of a buzzword. Today we’re going to learn about a real-life growth-hacking example. You don’t have to have a special sales and marketing gene it just takes the willingness to learn. Today’s guest is John Rampton. He’s a serial entrepreneur, the founder of several companies, and a contributor to sites like Huffington Post and Entrepreneur. Today’s episode is a case study in perseverance, so you won’t want to miss it! Some of the highlights of the show include: What John is up to as an entrepreneur and how his products help businesses, as well as how he got into the entrepreneurial world. The first steps John took to get involved in an online business, including a hack he figured out that wasn’t illegal at the time. The framework John thinks about when it comes to risk-taking. Why hyperfocusing on specific niches and problems is one way to succeed. John’s thoughts on learning: how he finds time to squeeze learning into his busy days and making time for what’s most important. How something as simple as a calendar can function as a powerful tool, as well as information about Calendar.com. How an excellent marketing strategy can even sell a crappy product that provides no value. John’s most sage wisdom and best advice for marketers just getting started. Powered by PodcastMotor Actionable Content Marketing powered by By AMP068: How To Grow (Like Crazy) As A Content Marketer With John Rampton 00:00/00:00 1x 100 > Download file Subscribe on iTunes Leave Review Share Links: Due.com Calendar.com John on Twitter JohnRampton.com UpWork Email your iTunes review to podcast@.com If you liked today’s show, please subscribe on iTunes to The Actionable Content Marketing Podcast! The podcast is also available on SoundCloud, Stitcher, and Google Play. Quotes by John â€Å"Don’t limit yourself to what you’re doing. Go find new and interesting ways there are always unique things to do.† â€Å"In your life, you’ll always go up or down, learning or not learning There’s no flat line.† â€Å"You will never be a better salesperson than your customers.†

Assignment # 2.2 Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

# 2.2 - Assignment Example portant because patients data will be stored I better way and also activities in the health facility will be done quickly meaning it would be manual or paper work which will need all the information to be in paper form and taken to the next medical professional but will be reflected direct to the professionals computers thus lowering the cost of employment. My advice to Carla is that she should ignore the opening in the other medical facility as a medical assistant because in the future also the facility will endorse this new technology despite been assured by her friend she has not heard any information for her practice joining a network or switching to the EMRs. If Carla decides to stay she should prepare herself mentally so that she may understand the new system and she will be of great help to the practice because of her basic computer skills and also because she is young she will be able to master the new technology faster than her other workmates. If I were her could have remained in the facility. As a healthcare professional, though I will be employed I will always take the work seriously as the owner because this is my passion, my career and I would like to see it in the next level. I will invest my time and resources to help all those who will be in need of my service at all the time. I will always set standards and examples for my coworkers to follow. I will make all the efforts to see the health care improve. I will always be in the frontline when it comes to reforming the nation’s health care system. Government should be fully be involved in reforming of healthcare services for instances the government should ensure that each citizen who is living beyond the poverty line have free access healthcare, they should also construct more facilities to make easier for patients to access healthcare services. It important for people to have health insurance because it helps in case the patient cost of treatment is huge, it relieves the patients family the

Comparing The End of the Imagination and The Redfern Speech Essay

Comparing The End of the Imagination and The Redfern Speech - Essay Example Arundhati Roy and Paul Keating, to convince the audience to believe in what they are saying, used the strategy of adding emotional appeal to their evidence, and by doing so, has struck the deepest cord of their heart. It is not only the evidence, but the emotions and imagination attached to the evidence, which helps Roy and Keating to win the hearts of the audience, and hence, it will not be wrong to say that it is the emotions, and not just the evidence, that helps person to convince others in the process of communication. Arundhati Roy In her essay â€Å"The end of the imagination,† Arundhati Roy has expressed her strong views against the nuclear tests conducted by Government of India in 1998. Roy has taken aid of strong evidence, through facts, reasoning and future possibilities, to convince the audience about her disapproval towards the nuclear tests. The evidence that Roy has used to convince the audience are discussed below. The consequences of nuclear war The first stra tegy that Roy has used to prove her stand against the nuclear testing by Indian government is the description of the consequences of the nuclear war. Roy has described the horrors of nuclear war in a vivid language. Instead of just using the words ‘destructive’ or ‘harmful,’ she has clearly described how the villages, rivers, wind and human body will be affected by the nuclear war. This vivid description gives a ‘feeling’ of the horrors of nuclear war and creates a clear picture of its consequences. The picture of what really happens after the nuclear war, and how it affects the environment and human beings, shocks the reader. Hence, the clarity of the effects of nuclear war on human body, the atmosphere, on future generation through poisonous radiations and the effects on environment, works as a strong evidence to prove why she is against the nuclear testing. The second evidence Roy uses is by questioning the sanity of men who can get access t o the nuclear weapons. Suicide bomber psyche Indian government had given ‘deterrence’ as a reason for their decision to go ahead with nuclear testing. However, Roy has argued that the theory of deterrence has flaws in it. She has questioned Indian Government’s understanding of the enemy. Roy feels that one cannot consider the enemy to be similar to self. That is, she has expressed her concern over the terrorist groups who are not ‘deterred’ by the nuclear capacity of the enemy as they have a different psyche. She discusses the psychology of terrorists who are ready to die in order to kill. She calls this a ‘suicide bomber’ psyche. Terrorists are so strongly brainwashed to believe in their cause that they do not hesitate even a bit to destroy themselves in order to prove their point. They are ready to perish, and are insane enough to destroy millions of lives. Roy says that if the nuclear bomb gets in hands of such people, then the Ã¢â‚¬Ë œtheory of deterrence,’ proves baseless. To convince this point, she has provided the evidence of death of Rajiv Gandhi. Rajiv Gandhi, the Prime Minister of India, was assassinated by suicide bomber. Using his assassination as evidence, Roy questions the Indian Government’s understanding about the enemy psyche. Roy questions that when even a man of premiere stature like Rajiv Gandhi was not saved by the

Causes of Islamic Radicalism

Causes of Islamic Radicalism Anastasiya Sernetskaya Problem Solving in a Global Age: Islamic Radicalism Since the 18th century, the Wahhabi movement vied for the rejection of new Muslim ideas, instead reverting back to the original beliefs set by the Prophet Muhammad (Commins 5). From their roots in Arabia, multiple groups that embraced radical beliefs of Islam grew. They now span the whole globe with major groups such as the Taliban and Al-Qaeda in the Middle East, the Caucasus Emirate in Russia, Abu Sayyaf in the Philippines, and Al-Shabaab and Boko Haram in Africa. However, radical Islam originated from the Middle East (Commins 3), an area with a deep history of poverty (Long 7) and, in turn, a history of religious government institutions that only teach upcoming generations militarism and the Quran (Tavernise). Instead of solving for symptoms of Islamic radicalism, it is important to solve for its root cause (Hamid) and help fund nonreligious private education because of the Middle East’s importance to the global economy and future relations concerning oil (Tà ©treault). The first cause of Islamic radicalism lies in what can be called the ‘Western Grip,’ the strong presence of American and colonial culture. After World War 2, oil resources developed and sent imperialistic powers to the Middle East. This created a dependency on the Middle East and their resources. However, the relationship between major global oil economic powers and local populations in the areas of extraction has not been fostered; instead, an irreconcilable divide between Islam and the West emerged (Tà ©treault). Similar to British imperialism, the United States involves itself in the politics of the Middle East and takes it upon itself to solve the Middle Easts problems, initiating conflict and invasions. As Western influence increased, industry created a connection to Western culture, one that includes provocative clothing, music, and habits- all of which go against the fundamentalist interpretation of the Quran. These directly oppose the ideals of the fundamentalis ts and thus fuel anti-Americanism and further rebellion against modern progression. The reason why such radical religious organizations thrive is by their use of religious persuasion to impose the ‘true’ interpretation of the religious text. They oppose modernity and instead act on Sharia law, which instead of governing by secular laws, only looks toward Muslim rules and regulations based on strict interpretations by the Quran. In addition, when the United States began to occupy Iraq, it created an anti-American sentiment in the area that only grew as Muslims realized a long history of American negligence and indifference towards supporting followers of Islam (Long 1). Conflicts in Bosnia, Chechnya, and Gaza, directly targeted Muslim victims, and these conflicts are â€Å"†¦given as an example of where Western nations have failed to act quickly or effectively to protect Muslim civilians (Baksh 2). Their occupation of Iraq and their refusal to aid Muslims created a strain on the Middle Easts relationship with the United States and further fueled anti- American sentiments while turning to a more radical solution that incorporated their religious values that they place great value onto (Long 201). Another cause of Islamic radicalism in the Middle East is the high poverty rate. Their huge variation in oil wealth across the region drives income disparities (Long 6). Historically, the Middle East has not expanded or modernized along with the rest of the world. Instead, their history shows a reliance to turn to religion whenever they needed consistent governing. This led to the creation of Sharia law and an importance placed on religious education. The poor who live difficult lives were much more susceptible than those who could afford a strong, secular private education (Long 7). It has been stated that countries like Pakistan have never really taken their education seriously, and rely only on the Quran for educational resources. As students learn about the way of the Prophet Muhammad, most either see no value of further schooling and drop out or they further their religious education and learn how to preach as a career opportunity. Many of the organizations that take up teaching young children and organizing preaching groups have been linked as stepping stones to Al- Qaeda or the Taliban (Tavernise). The third cause of Islamic radicalism is the political backing by Iranian leader Ruhollah Khomeini who had a crucial position in the rise of extremist government. While in power he stressed the spiritual over the material, (Sorenson 45) and implemented Sharia law. As fundamentalists first began to pop up and run for official power, there was a tense struggle between factions. As Khomeini backed the radical Muslims, he in turn increased radicalism in Iran and pushed for the execution of moderates. Radical leftist guerrilla groups sprouted all over the area as they became more organized under a provincial government and gained le gitimacy and power (Long 59). This highly contrasts to the Philippines where Abu Sayyaf, the major Islamic terrorist organization, has not been able to gain such a strong political backing and thus radical Islam has not been able to grow with such vigor (Ankerson 241) The primary cause of Islamic radicalism cannot be the Western influence or the politics of Iran. The Western Grip that was created affects many countries but none have spurred radicalisms like countries in the Middle East have. As scholars Long, Reich, and Gasiorowski stated in their book The Government and Politics of the Middle East and North Africa, The inescapable American influence affects almost every other part of the world with no radical consequences,† (23) so why is the Middle East so unique? To find its primary cause, one must look to the root cause of all problems instead of just looking at symptoms, like the politics of Khomeini, who began his radical backing after a mass influx of broken governments and fundamentalist groups who promised to stay true to the Quran and bring Allahs glory to the area. The Wahhabi movement was another symptom of the people reaching to find stability in their government and life. All of the corruption spurred from the true root cause o f Islamic radicalism- poverty. The poor began to and continue to turn to radical ideas because of fewer opportunities in their society other than ones to preach religious ideas. They are facing a socioeconomic delay behind the rest of the world, and it corrupts their education, which builds a foundation for the upcoming generations in the Middle East, thus progressing the radicalism and turning fundamentalism into a standard in the government (Burhania 16). The most viable solution to Islamic radicalism lies in funding secular education. Other past attempts to go in and fight the groups out has only spurred more violence and backlash against Westerners, pushing the divide between the two regions further and further. Attempts to change the government cause progress but not enough to effect poor areas that radicalism grows from. Instead, it is important to solve their education as †¦ poor public education forces them to turn to Muslim education sources and breeds radicalism (Rasizode 54). Education that is secular creates a more western-positive approach and educates about democracy therefore solving both other causes of Islamic radicalism. Islamic radicalism is a complex problem that is multifaceted. Although there are many proposed solutions, one must look at how radicalism is bred and how it spurred in the Middle East to see that education could help solve poverty and fundamentalism.

Parts Emporium Case

Case 3 MBA_731 John Burkhart 11/21/12 Parts Emporium EG151: Exhaust Gasket DB032: Drive Belt 1. Total costs for EG151; include ordering costs and holding costs. Compare this to the current system costs. You do no need to include the cost of safety stock for this comparison. Actual cost for this part: $4. 16 Ordering Cost: $20. 00 Holding cost: 20% of inventory investment Units on hand: 0 Units on back order: 11 Units scheduled receipt: 150 Total Cost: $624 + $20 + $125 = $769 2.Total costs for the DB032; include ordering costs and holding costs. Compare this to the current system. You do not need to include the cost of safety stock for this comparison. Actual cost for this part: $4. 27 Ordering Cost: $10. 00 Holding cost: 20% of inventory investment Units on hand: 324 Total Cost: $1,383. 50 + $10 + $277 = $1670. 50 3. Proposed system for EG151; determine both Q and R. 2. 86 x 52 = 149 4. Proposed system for DB032; determine both Q and R. 1. 76 x 52 = 92 5.For EG151 proposed system, calculate the cost of both safety stock and stock outs. Calculate the cost of stock outs for the current system. Does the safety stock pay off?6. For BD032 proposed system, calculate the cost of both safety stock and stock outs. Calculate the cost of stock outs for the current system. Does the safety stock pay off?Resources: Krajewski, L. , Ritzman, L. , & Malhotra, M. (2010). Operations management process and supply chains. (10th ed. ). New Jersey: Prentice Hall.

Homosexuals Coming Out of the Closet in Angels in...

Coming out of the closet is an essential for homosexuals to develop their personal identity. Coming out of the closet is a figure of speech for lesbian, gay, bisexual, and transgender peoples to tell others about their homosexuality or bisexuality where previously this had been kept secret. Framed and debated as a privacy issue, coming out of the closet is described and experienced variously as a psychological process or journey; decision-making or risk-taking (Wikipedia). Author Steven Seidman writes that â€Å"it is the power of the closet to shape the core of an individuals life that has made homosexuality into a significant personal, social, and political drama in twentieth-century America â€Å"(38). Those that are†¦show more content†¦He does not believe that he is gay, just that he seldom has the desire to be satisfied by a man. His political power and religious beliefs will affect how others view him. He is not well liked and if the truth about him ever went pub lic, he would be ruined. Prior is another homosexual in Angels in America. He is different from Roy because he is not a professional. Prior is also affected by the AIDS virus, and is close to passing away. Joe Pitt is the prime example of a homosexual man coming out into a society that doesnt accept gay relationships. Joe is the only person in the play who undergoes the process of coming out of the closet. Joe is married to Harper, a woman who is addicted to drugs. He is like Roy in that he is a well-respected person whose career would be affected if it came out that he was gay. Joes circumstances are different from Roys because he is a married and on a daring path towards love. He is experimenting with his sexuality, not really sure of what path to take. Joe tells two people who are important to him that he is gay, his mother, Hannah, and his wife, Harper. Hannah is furious and does not believe him. Her son is a homosexual, a hard concept for her to understand. He is scared to reveal his secret life to society for the fear of resentment. This is true in society that we criticize those who are in a homosexual relationship. Harper, who, already suspected Joe’s sexuality;Show MoreRelatedTony Kushner s A Gay Fantasia2126 Words   |  9 PagesAmerican playwright Tony Kushner’s momentous two-part production Angels in America: A Gay Fantasia on National Themes documents the varied lives of five men residing in New York City throughout the 1980s AIDS epidemic. A truly unique aspect, which pertains to Kushner’s dramatized narrative, is that each focal male character is homosexual. Although these men may share a collective sexual orientation, they experience their sexuality in their own individualistic ways. Through the lenses of Kushner’sRead More Fear in Tony Kushners Angels In America Essay1101 Words   |  5 PagesFear in Tony Kushners Angels In America    Both parts of Tony Kushners play Angels in America paint a painfully truthful picture of what gay men go through. In most cases, they suffer either inner anguish or public torment. Sometimes they must endure both. Being homosexual in America is a double-edged sword. If you publicly announce that you are gay, you suffer ridicule and are mocked by the ignorant of society; but if you keep your homosexuality a secret, you are condemned to personalRead More Tony Kushners Angels in America Essay2055 Words   |  9 PagesMost of the characters in Tony Kushners Angels in America struggle with their sexuality. Reflected in this struggle, the homosexual characters are flawed to the degree at which they hide their sexuality. Prior, Belize, Louis, Joe, and Roy all deal with this issue in the course of the play. Prior is the least closeted homosexual while Roy is the most. Prior is chosen to be a prophet, is morally upright, and represents good. Roy, the unlawful lawyer, represents evil. B elize, Louis, and Joe fallRead MoreThe Role Of Sex And Gender As A Cultural Norm1507 Words   |  7 Pagesof a culture carrying very different ideas of sex and gender is an early Northern European Culture. Carol Clover, in her essay â€Å"Regardless of Sex: Men, Women, and Power in Early Northern Europe,† identifies a â€Å"one-sex, one-gender model †¦ that plays out in the rawest and most extreme terms a scheme of sexual difference that at the level of the body knows only the male and at the level of social behaviour, only the effeminate, or emasculate, or impotent† (Clover, 19). This model of sex and genderRead MoreAnalysis Of The Poem Harlem By Langston Hughes2117 Words   |  9 Pagesspecifically, he questions us about the destiny of the dream that never gets realized. He wonders whether it explodes violently or if it just dries up. Forty years later, Tony Kushner explored the fate of the suppressed, exploding dream in â€Å"Angels in America† through the character of Joseph Porter Pitt as he struggles to cope with his own repressed, but surfacing homosexuality, while also balancing societal and religious perspectives that restrain his true dreams. Furthermore, Joseph’s true selfRead MorePost Wwii Culture On The United States2399 Words   |  10 PagesPost WWII culture in the United States was built on conformity and intolerance, and free spirits, anti-capitalists, and homosexuals had been repressed. After the victory of the Second World War the constrained consumer demand drove the U.S. economy to grow exponentially. The automobile indu stry effectively converted back to producing cars and previously minor industries such as aviation and electronics grew into major corporations. A housing boom, that had been influenced by easily affordable mortgagesRead MoreMy Son Christian By Mark Carrasco Essay11672 Words   |  47 PagesOriginally, I tried not to make any political rants within the article, but as the article grew I realized that I would have to speak to the subject of politics and my personal attitude. So I decided to address my political position first and get it out of the way. While the first part of this introduction may seem like a political rant it is not, and as you read you will see what I mean. I fear that one cannot write a book about God and nature without sounding like a liberal. However, I believe inRead MoreSda Manual Essay101191 Words   |  405 PagesFoot-Washing ..................................................... 82 Unleavened Bread and Unfermented Wine .............................. 83 A Memorial of the Crucifixion ................................................. 83 A Proclamation of the Second Coming ..................................... 83 Announcing the Communion Service ....................................... 83 Conducting the Communion Service ........................................ 84 Length of Service ..................................

Pterosaurs - The Flying Reptiles - Evolution

Pterosaurs (winged lizards) hold a special place in the history of life on earth: they were the first creatures, other than insects, to successfully populate the skies. The evolution of pterosaurs roughly paralleled that of their terrestrial cousins, the dinosaurs, as the small, basal species of the late Triassic period gradually gave way to bigger, more advanced forms in the Jurassic and Cretaceous. (See a complete, A to Z list of pterosaurs.) Before we proceed, though, its important to address one important misconception. Paleontologists have found indisputable proof that modern birds are descended not from pterosaurs, but from small, feathered, land-bound dinosaurs (in fact, if you could somehow compare the DNA of a pigeon, a Tyrannosaurus Rex and a Pteranodon, the first two would be more closely related to each other than either would be to the third). This is an example of what biologists call convergent evolution: nature has a way of finding the same solutions (wings, hollow bones, etc.) to the same problem (how to fly). The First Pterosaurs As is the case with dinosaurs, paleontologists dont yet have enough evidence to identify the single ancient, non-dinosaur reptile from which all pterosaurs evolved (the lack of a missing link--say, a terrestrial archosaur with half-developed flaps of skin--may be heartening to creationists, but you have to remember that fossilization is a matter of chance. Most prehistoric species arent represented in the fossil record, simply because they died in conditions that didnt allow for their preservation.) The first pterosaurs for which we have fossil evidence flourished during the middle to late Triassic period, about 230 to 200 million years ago. These flying reptiles were characterized by their small size and long tails, as well as obscure anatomical features (like the bone structures in their wings) that distinguished them from the more advanced pterosaurs that followed. These rhamphorhynchoid pterosaurs, as theyre called, include Eudimorphodon (one of the earliest pterosaurs known), Dorygnathus and Rhamphorhynchus, and they persisted into the early to middle Jurassic period. One problem with identifying the rhamphorhynchoid pterosaurs of the late Triassic and early Jurassic periods is that most specimens have been unearthed in modern-day England and Germany. This isnt because early pterosaurs liked to summer in western Europe; rather, as explained above, we can only find fossils in those areas that lent themselves to fossil formation. There may well have been vast populations of Asian or North American pterosaurs, which may (or may not) have been anatomically distinct from the ones with which were familiar. Later Pterosaurs By the late Jurassic period, rhamphorhynchoid pterosaurs had been pretty much replaced by pterodactyloid pterosaurs--larger-winged, shorter-tailed flying reptiles exemplified by the well-known Pterodactylus and Pteranodon. (The earliest identified member of this group, Kryptodrakon, lived about 163 million years ago.) With their larger, more maneuverable wings of skin, these pterosaurs were able to glide farther, faster, and higher up in the sky, swooping down like eagles to pluck fish off the surface of oceans, lakes and rivers. During the Cretaceous period, pterodactyloids took after dinosaurs in one important respect: an increasing trend toward gigantism. In the middle Cretaceous, the skies of South America were ruled by huge, colorful pterosaurs like Tapejara and Tupuxuara, which had wingspans of 16 or 17 feet; still, these big fliers looked like sparrows next to the true giants of the late Cretaceous, Quetzalcoatlus and Zhejiangopterus, the wingspans of which exceeded 30 feet (far larger than the largest eagles alive today). Heres where we come to another all-important but. The enormous size of these azhdarchids (as giant pterosaurs are known) has led some paleontologists to speculate that they never actually flew. For example, a recent analysis of the giraffe-sized Quetzalcoatlus shows that it had some anatomical features (such as small feet and a stiff neck) ideal for stalking small dinosaurs on land. Since evolution tends to repeat the same patterns, this would answer the embarrassing question of why modern birds have never evolved to azhdarchid-like sizes. In any event, by the end of the Cretaceous period, the pterosaurs--both large and small--went extinct along with their cousins, the terrestrial dinosaurs and marine reptiles. Its possible that the ascendancy of true feathered birds spelled doom for slower, less versatile pterosaurs, or that in the aftermath of the K/T Extinction the prehistoric fish that these flying reptiles fed on were drastically reduced in number. Pterosaur Behavior Aside from their relative sizes, the pterosaurs of the Jurassic and Cretaceous periods differed from one another in two important ways: feeding habits and ornamentation. Generally, paleontologists can infer a pterosaurs diet from the size and shape of its jaws, and by looking at analogous behavior in modern birds (such as pelicans and seagulls). Pterosaurs with sharp, narrow beaks most likely subsisted on fish, while anomalous genera like Pterodaustro fed on plankton (this pterosaurs thousand or so tiny teeth formed a filter, like that of a blue whale) and the fanged Jeholopterus may have sucked dinosaur blood like a vampire bat (though most paleontologists dismiss this notion). Like modern birds, some pterosaurs also had rich ornamentation--not brightly colored feathers, which pterosaurs never managed to evolve, but prominent head crests. For example, Tupuxuaras rounded crest was rich in blood vessels, a clue that it may have changed color in mating displays, while Ornithocheirus had matching crests on its upper and lower jaws (though its unclear if these were used for display or feeding purposes). Most controversial, though, are the long, bony crests atop the noggins of pterosaurs like Pteranodon and Nyctosaurus. Some paleontologists believe that Pteranodons crest served as a rudder to help stabilize it in flight, while others speculate that Nyctosaurus may have sported a colorful sail of skin. Its an entertaining idea, but some aerodynamics experts doubt that these adaptations could have been truly functional. Pterosaur Physiology The key trait that distinguished pterosaurs from land-bound feathered dinosaurs that evolved into birds was the nature of their wings-- which consisted of wide flaps of skin connected to an extended finger on each hand. Although these flat, broad structures provided plenty of lift, they may have been better suited to passive gliding than powered, flapping flight, as evidenced by the dominance of true prehistoric birds by the end of the Cretaceous period (which may be attributed to their increased maneuverability). Although theyre only distantly related, ancient pterosaurs and modern birds may have shared one important feature in common: a warm-blooded metabolism. Theres evidence that some pterosaurs (like Sordes) sported coats of primitive hair, a feature usually associated with warm-blooded mammals, and its unclear if a cold-blooded reptile could have generated enough internal energy to sustain itself in flight. Like modern birds, pterosaurs were also distinguished by their sharp vision (a necessity for hunting from hundreds of feet in the air!), which entailed a bigger-than-average brain than that possessed by terrestrial or aquatic reptiles. Using advanced techniques, scientists have even been able to reconstruct the size and shape of the brains of some pterosaur genera, proving that they contained more advanced coordination centers than comparable reptiles. Pterosaurs (winged lizards) hold a special place in the history of life on earth: they were the first creatures, other than insects, to successfully populate the skies. The evolution of pterosaurs roughly paralleled that of their terrestrial cousins, the dinosaurs, as the small, basal species of the late Triassic period gradually gave way to bigger, more advanced forms in the Jurassic and Cretaceous. Before we proceed, though, its important to address one important misconception. Paleontologists have found indisputable proof that modern birds are descended not from pterosaurs, but from small, feathered, land-bound dinosaurs (in fact, if you could somehow compare the DNA of a pigeon, a Tyrannosaurus Rex and a Pteranodon, the first two would be more closely related to each other than either would be to the third). This is an example of what biologists call convergent evolution: nature has a way of finding the same solutions (wings, hollow bones, etc.) to the same problem (how to fly). The First Pterosaurs As is the case with dinosaurs, paleontologists dont yet have enough evidence to identify the single ancient, non-dinosaur reptile from which all pterosaurs evolved (the lack of a missing link--say, a terrestrial archosaur with half-developed flaps of skin--may be heartening to creationists, but you have to remember that fossilization is a matter of chance. Most prehistoric species arent represented in the fossil record, simply because they died in conditions that didnt allow for their preservation.) The first pterosaurs for which we have fossil evidence flourished during the middle to late Triassic period, about 230 to 200 million years ago. These flying reptiles were characterized by their small size and long tails, as well as obscure anatomical features (like the bone structures in their wings) that distinguished them from the more advanced pterosaurs that followed. These rhamphorhynchoid pterosaurs, as theyre called, include Eudimorphodon (one of the earliest pterosaurs known), Dorygnathus and Rhamphorhynchus, and they persisted into the early to middle Jurassic period. One problem with identifying the rhamphorhynchoid pterosaurs of the late Triassic and early Jurassic periods is that most specimens have been unearthed in modern-day England and Germany. This isnt because early pterosaurs liked to summer in western Europe; rather, as explained above, we can only find fossils in those areas that lent themselves to fossil formation. There may well have been vast populations of Asian or North American pterosaurs, which may (or may not) have been anatomically distinct from the ones with which were familiar. Later Pterosaurs By the late Jurassic period, rhamphorhynchoid pterosaurs had been pretty much replaced by pterodactyloid pterosaurs--larger-winged, shorter-tailed flying reptiles exemplified by the well-known Pterodactylus and Pteranodon. (The earliest identified member of this group, Kryptodrakon, lived about 163 million years ago.) With their larger, more maneuverable wings of skin, these pterosaurs were able to glide farther, faster, and higher up in the sky, swooping down like eagles to pluck fish off the surface of oceans, lakes and rivers. During the Cretaceous period, pterodactyloids took after dinosaurs in one important respect: an increasing trend toward gigantism. In the middle Cretaceous, the skies of South America were ruled by huge, colorful pterosaurs like Tapejara and Tupuxuara, which had wingspans of 16 or 17 feet; still, these big fliers looked like sparrows next to the true giants of the late Cretaceous, Quetzalcoatlus and Zhejiangopterus, the wingspans of which exceeded 30 feet (far larger than the largest eagles alive today). Heres where we come to another all-important but. The enormous size of these azhdarchids (as giant pterosaurs are known) has led some paleontologists to speculate that they never actually flew. For example, a recent analysis of the giraffe-sized Quetzalcoatlus shows that it had some anatomical features (such as small feet and a stiff neck) ideal for stalking small dinosaurs on land. Since evolution tends to repeat the same patterns, this would answer the embarrassing question of why modern birds have never evolved to azhdarchid-like sizes. In any event, by the end of the Cretaceous period, the pterosaurs--both large and small--went extinct along with their cousins, the terrestrial dinosaurs and marine reptiles. Its possible that the ascendancy of true feathered birds spelled doom for slower, less versatile pterosaurs, or that in the aftermath of the K/T Extinction the prehistoric fish that these flying reptiles fed on were drastically reduced in number. Pterosaur Behavior Aside from their relative sizes, the pterosaurs of the Jurassic and Cretaceous periods differed from one another in two important ways: feeding habits and ornamentation. Generally, paleontologists can infer a pterosaurs diet from the size and shape of its jaws, and by looking at analogous behavior in modern birds (such as pelicans and seagulls). Pterosaurs with sharp, narrow beaks most likely subsisted on fish, while anomalous genera like Pterodaustro fed on plankton (this pterosaurs thousand or so tiny teeth formed a filter, like that of a blue whale) and the fanged Jeholopterus may have sucked dinosaur blood like a vampire bat (though most paleontologists dismiss this notion). Like modern birds, some pterosaurs also had rich ornamentation--not brightly colored feathers, which pterosaurs never managed to evolve, but prominent head crests. For example, Tupuxuaras rounded crest was rich in blood vessels, a clue that it may have changed color in mating displays, while Ornithocheirus had matching crests on its upper and lower jaws (though its unclear if these were used for display or feeding purposes). Most controversial, though, are the long, bony crests atop the noggins of pterosaurs like Pteranodon and Nyctosaurus. Some paleontologists believe that Pteranodons crest served as a rudder to help stabilize it in flight, while others speculate that Nyctosaurus may have sported a colorful sail of skin. Its an entertaining idea, but some aerodynamics experts doubt that these adaptations could have been truly functional. Pterosaur Physiology The key trait that distinguished pterosaurs from land-bound feathered dinosaurs that evolved into birds was the nature of their wings-- which consisted of wide flaps of skin connected to an extended finger on each hand. Although these flat, broad structures provided plenty of lift, they may have been better suited to passive gliding than powered, flapping flight, as evidenced by the dominance of true prehistoric birds by the end of the Cretaceous period (which may be attributed to their increased maneuverability). Although theyre only distantly related, ancient pterosaurs and modern birds may have shared one important feature in common: a warm-blooded metabolism. Theres evidence that some pterosaurs (like Sordes) sported coats of primitive hair, a feature usually associated with warm-blooded mammals, and its unclear if a cold-blooded reptile could have generated enough internal energy to sustain itself in flight. Like modern birds, pterosaurs were also distinguished by their sharp vision (a necessity for hunting from hundreds of feet in the air!), which entailed a bigger-than-average brain than that possessed by terrestrial or aquatic reptiles. Using advanced techniques, scientists have even been able to reconstruct the size and shape of the brains of some pterosaur genera, proving that they contained more advanced coordination centers than comparable reptiles.